Theorist
Thomas Paine
A pamphleteer of the American and French revolutions, Paine defended the rights of man, the republic, and radical social reforms in popular language, spreading democratic ideals among the masses of his time.

Image: Laurent Dabos · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons · cropped and resized
Thinker · 1737–1809
Profile is a model built from 240 answers simulated in character; not a statement by the person.
Compare your own views01 / The profile
Twelve axes, one perspective
02 / What stands out
Three distinctive positions
34.2pt
Trade
27.5% Protectionism, compared with the ideology catalog’s 61.7% median.
How open should the economy be to international exchange?
31.8pt
Religion
90% Irreligious, compared with the ideology catalog’s 58.2% median.
What place should religion have in individual and public life?
31.2pt
Power
23.8% Security, compared with the ideology catalog’s 55% median.
How far should the state reach into everyday life?
The profile in detail
Government and accountability. Structure: 61.3% Federal, 38.7% Unitary (Leaning Federal); Representation: 83.8% Democracy, 16.2% Autocracy (Strong Democracy). This combination separates where authority is located from how leaders are selected and constrained. It preserves those two choices even when a broad political label does not distinguish them. On Representation, the 877-profile catalog median is 57.5% Democracy; Thomas Paine sits 26.3 points above it. 274 reference profiles share this band.
Civil power and culture. Power: 23.8% Security, 76.2% Liberty (Strong Liberty); Immigration: 21.3% Assimilation, 78.7% Multiculturalism (Strong Multiculturalism). The first contrast concerns limits on civil life; the second concerns cultural adaptation and plural identities. Reading them together avoids inferring an immigration position solely from a preference about security. On Power, the 877-profile catalog median is 58.8% Security; Thomas Paine sits 35.0 points below it. 87 reference profiles share this band.
Force and foreign policy. Diplomacy: 33.8% Militarist, 66.2% Pacifist (Leaning Pacifist); Intervention: 68.8% Non-interventionist, 31.2% Nationalist (Leaning Non-interventionist). Military capacity and projection of national interests are distinct choices in this model. These coordinates show how the profile combines military means and external objectives, without assuming that they always move together. On Intervention, the 877-profile catalog median is 48.8% Non-interventionist; Thomas Paine sits 20.0 points above it. 203 reference profiles share this band.
Ownership, coordination and trade. Economy: 65% Public, 35% Private (Leaning Public); Control: 55% Planning, 45% Free market (Balanced); Trade: 27.5% Protectionism, 72.5% Globalism (Strong Globalism). These ask three different questions: who owns, how activity is coordinated and how the economy engages abroad. The economic profile of Thomas Paine depends on that combination, rather than a single left or right classification. On Economy, the 877-profile catalog median is 53.2% Public; Thomas Paine sits 11.8 points above it. 166 reference profiles share this band.
Belief and social norms. Religion: 90% Irreligious, 10% Religious (Very strong Irreligious); Morality: 67.5% Progressive, 32.5% Traditionalist (Leaning Progressive). The model keeps religious influence separate from continuity in social norms. These values describe the reference profile; they do not assign a religion to someone who receives this match in the quiz. On Morality, the 877-profile catalog median is 38.8% Progressive; Thomas Paine sits 28.7 points above it. 151 reference profiles share this band.
Technology and limits. Technology: 61.3% Technology, 38.7% Biology (Leaning Technology). This adds a perspective on innovation and biological continuity that cannot be inferred directly from the economic coordinates. For Thomas Paine, the 11.3-point distance from the center indicates the intensity of this particular position. On Technology, the 877-profile catalog median is 57.5% Technology; Thomas Paine sits 3.8 points above it. 299 reference profiles share this band.
03 / Connections
Nearby profiles

Carlo Rosselli
97% compatibility

George Soros
96% compatibility

John Stuart Mill
95.3% compatibility

Albert Camus
94.9% compatibility

Nicolas de Condorcet
94.5% compatibility

Yamandú Orsi
94% compatibility
At the other end of the catalog
Closest ideologies
Closest countries & regions
Three views of compatibility
Political
Green Liberalism
96.1%
12 axes considered
Social
Progressive Liberalism
96.3%
9 axes considered
Economic
Universalist Catholicism
98.5%
3 axes considered
Further reading
1776
Common Sense
Find the book ↗Got Thomas Paine on the 12 Axes test?
Look at the other nearby profiles and the axes where you differ. A match is a starting point for exploring ideas, rather than a final identity.
Understand your result ↗Frequently asked questions
What does getting Thomas Paine on the test mean?
Your twelve scores are relatively close to this reference profile. A match describes similarity inside the model; it does not imply agreement with every action, policy or belief associated with Thomas Paine.
Which ideology is closest to Thomas Paine?
Green Liberalism has 96.1% compatibility in the catalog. This score combines axis proximity, overall direction, intensity and the largest difference between the profiles.
Which axis stands out for Thomas Paine?
Religion is among the furthest from the center: 90% Irreligious and 10% Religious. Read all twelve axes to understand the full combination.
Your perspective, in detail
Where do your ideas stand?
Explore twelve dimensions and discover the combinations that make your perspective your own.



