Theorist

Carl Schmitt

A German jurist, Schmitt was an influential and controversial theorist of power, defining politics by the friend-enemy distinction and defending sovereignty and the state of exception.

Portrait of Carl Schmitt

Image: ABC · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons · cropped and resized

Jurist · 1888–1985

Profile is a model built from 240 answers simulated in character; not a statement by the person.

Compare your own views

01 / The profile

Twelve axes, one perspective

How to read the percentages ↗
Federal 16.2%83.8% Unitary
Democracy 13.8%86.2% Autocracy
Security 76.2%23.8% Liberty
Assimilation 85%15% Multiculturalism
Militarist 81.2%18.8% Pacifist
Non-interventionist 25%75% Nationalist
Public 43.8%56.2% Private
Planning 68.8%31.2% Free market
Protectionism 81.2%18.8% Globalism
Irreligious 20%80% Religious
Progressive 15%85% Traditionalist
Technology 35%65% Biology

02 / What stands out

Three distinctive positions

45.0pt

Representation

13.8% Democracy, compared with the ideology catalog’s 58.8% median.

Who should govern, and how should they be accountable?

38.2pt

Religion

20% Irreligious, compared with the ideology catalog’s 58.2% median.

What place should religion have in individual and public life?

36.0pt

Diplomacy

81.2% Militarist, compared with the ideology catalog’s 45.25% median.

When is armed force an appropriate political instrument?

The profile in detail

Government and accountability. Structure: 16.2% Federal, 83.8% Unitary (Strong Unitary); Representation: 13.8% Democracy, 86.2% Autocracy (Strong Autocracy). This combination separates where authority is located from how leaders are selected and constrained. It preserves those two choices even when a broad political label does not distinguish them. On Representation, the 877-profile catalog median is 57.5% Democracy; Carl Schmitt sits 43.7 points below it. 156 reference profiles share this band.

Civil power and culture. Power: 76.2% Security, 23.8% Liberty (Strong Security); Immigration: 85% Assimilation, 15% Multiculturalism (Strong Assimilation). The first contrast concerns limits on civil life; the second concerns cultural adaptation and plural identities. Reading them together avoids inferring an immigration position solely from a preference about security. On Power, the 877-profile catalog median is 58.8% Security; Carl Schmitt sits 17.4 points above it. 179 reference profiles share this band.

Force and foreign policy. Diplomacy: 81.2% Militarist, 18.8% Pacifist (Strong Militarist); Intervention: 25% Non-interventionist, 75% Nationalist (Strong Nationalist). Military capacity and projection of national interests are distinct choices in this model. These coordinates show how the profile combines military means and external objectives, without assuming that they always move together. On Intervention, the 877-profile catalog median is 48.8% Non-interventionist; Carl Schmitt sits 23.8 points below it. 144 reference profiles share this band.

Ownership, coordination and trade. Economy: 43.8% Public, 56.2% Private (Balanced); Control: 68.8% Planning, 31.2% Free market (Leaning Planning); Trade: 81.2% Protectionism, 18.8% Globalism (Strong Protectionism). These ask three different questions: who owns, how activity is coordinated and how the economy engages abroad. The economic profile of Carl Schmitt depends on that combination, rather than a single left or right classification. On Economy, the 877-profile catalog median is 53.2% Public; Carl Schmitt sits 9.4 points below it. 207 reference profiles share this band.

Belief and social norms. Religion: 20% Irreligious, 80% Religious (Strong Religious); Morality: 15% Progressive, 85% Traditionalist (Strong Traditionalist). The model keeps religious influence separate from continuity in social norms. These values describe the reference profile; they do not assign a religion to someone who receives this match in the quiz. On Morality, the 877-profile catalog median is 38.8% Progressive; Carl Schmitt sits 23.8 points below it. 182 reference profiles share this band.

Technology and limits. Technology: 35% Technology, 65% Biology (Leaning Biology). This adds a perspective on innovation and biological continuity that cannot be inferred directly from the economic coordinates. For Carl Schmitt, the 15.0-point distance from the center indicates the intensity of this particular position. On Technology, the 877-profile catalog median is 57.5% Technology; Carl Schmitt sits 22.5 points below it. 117 reference profiles share this band.

03 / Connections

Nearby profiles

At the other end of the catalog

Closest ideologies

Closest countries & regions

Three views of compatibility

Further reading

Got Carl Schmitt on the 12 Axes test?

Look at the other nearby profiles and the axes where you differ. A match is a starting point for exploring ideas, rather than a final identity.

Understand your result ↗

Frequently asked questions

What does getting Carl Schmitt on the test mean?

Your twelve scores are relatively close to this reference profile. A match describes similarity inside the model; it does not imply agreement with every action, policy or belief associated with Carl Schmitt.

Which ideology is closest to Carl Schmitt?

Brazilian Integralism has 98.9% compatibility in the catalog. This score combines axis proximity, overall direction, intensity and the largest difference between the profiles.

Which axis stands out for Carl Schmitt?

Representation is among the furthest from the center: 13.8% Democracy and 86.2% Autocracy. Read all twelve axes to understand the full combination.

Your perspective, in detail

Where do your ideas stand?

Explore twelve dimensions and discover the combinations that make your perspective your own.

Take the 12 Axes test